The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS), the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) came into force throughout the country with effect from 1 July 2024. The States and Union Territories have taken necessary measures for their implementation,  including   issuance   of  relevant   notifications   and  rules,

adoption of digital applications and capacity building of stakeholders.

Training of police personnel and other State-level stakeholders is primarily undertaken by the respective State and Union Territory Governments. In addition, the Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D) has conducted capacity-building programmes and webinars for Master Trainers and other stakeholders across all 36 States and Union Territories.

Since 2024, BPR&D has trained 83,740 officers and stakeholders from the five pillars of the criminal justice system, including Master Trainers. The cadre/position-wise, State/UT-wise and year-wise details are given in Annexure-I.

The Master Trainers have also been utilised by State training institutions for conducting further training programmes within the respective States and Union Territories. The details of such training are given in Annexure-II.

Further, 110 e-learning courses have been hosted on the iGOT Karmayogi platform, of which 76 courses relate to the new criminal laws.

The Nyaya Sanhita provide for the use of technology at various stages of the criminal justice process. Digital systems and applications have been made available for their implementation. These include electronic registration of First Information Reports (e-FIRs), electronic communication and   service   of  summons  (e-Summons),   audio-video  recording  of  search, seizure and investigation proceedings, videography of forensic evidence collection and electronic recording of statements (e-Sakshya), conduct of court proceedings through video conferencing (Nyaya Shruti), MedLeaPR for generating Medical Legal Examination reports and Postmortem reports, Inter Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) to facilitate electronic exchange of FIRs, charge-sheets and other documents among Police, Courts, Prisons, Prosecution and Forensic Science Laboratories. The deployment and utilisation of these systems are undertaken by the respective States and Union Territories.

‘Police’, and ‘Public Order’ are State-list subjects as per the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India. The responsibilities to maintain law and order, protection of life and property of the citizens including investigation and prosecution of crime and criminals rest with the respective State/UT Governments and are competent to deal with such offenses under the extant provisions of law, which also includes the implementation of the Nyaya Sanhita. However, the Central Government supplements their efforts by providing financial support for augmentation of criminal justice infrastructure under various schemes, including the Inter-Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) 2.0, schemes for modernisation of forensic capacities and Nirbhaya Fund-supported projects.

In light of the provisions introduced under the Nyaya Sanhitas, the templates of the data tables have been appropriately modified to ensure consistency, comparability and continuity of the data published in the Crime in India report vis-a-vis data from previous years.

 

ANNEXURE I

Details on number of officers trained by BPR&D

 

ANNEXURE II

Details on Capacity Building by States/UTs on Nyaya Sanhitas

 

 

This was stated by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs Shri Bandi Sanjay Kumar in a written reply to a question in the Rajya Sabha.

 

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RK/RR/PR/PS/SC

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