In order to complement and supplement the efforts made by States and Union Territories to boost the annual milk yield of Indian Cattle Government of India has taken following steps:

Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying is implementing Rashtriya Gokul Mission since December 2014 for development and conservation of indigenous breeds, genetic upgradation of bovine population and enhancement of milk production and productivity of bovines. Following steps are taken under the scheme to enhance productivity of indigenous breeds:

1. Nationwide Artificial Insemination Program: Under the Rashtriya Gokul Mission, the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying is expanding artificial insemination coverage to boost the milk production and productivity of bovines, including indigenous breeds. As on date, 7.3 crore animals have been covered, with 10.17 crore artificial inseminations performed, benefiting 4.58 crore farmers.
2. Progeny Testing and Pedigree Selection: This program aims to produce high genetic merit bulls, including bulls of indigenous breeds. Progeny testing is implemented for Gir, Sahiwal breeds of cattle, and Murrah, Mehsana breeds of buffaloes. Under the Pedigree selection programme Rathi, Tharparkar, Hariana, Kankrej breed of cattle and Jaffarabadi, Nili Ravi, Pandharpuri and Banni breed of buffalo are covered. So far 3,988 high genetic merit bulls have produced and inducted for semen production.
3.  Implementation of In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Technology: To propagate elite animals of indigenous breeds, the Department has established 22 IVF laboratories and has produced 22,896 viable embryos, with 12,846 embryos transferred and 2019 calves born.
4. Sex-Sorted Semen Production: The Department has established sex sorted semen production facilities at 5 government semen stations located in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. 3 private semen stations are also producing sex sorted semen doses. So far 1.12 crore sex-sorted semen doses from high genetic merit bulls have been produced and made available for Artificial Insemination.
5. Genomic Selection: To accelerate genetic improvement of cattle and buffaloes, the Department has developed unified genomic chips—Gau Chip for indigenous cattle and Mahish Chip for buffaloes—specifically designed for initiating genomic selection in the country.
6. Multi-purpose Artificial Insemination Technicians in Rural India (MAITRIs): Under the scheme MAITRIs are trained and equipped to deliver quality Artificial Insemination services at farmers’ doorstep. During the last 3 years 38,736 MAITRIs have been trained and equipped under Rashtriya Gokul Mission.
7. Accelerated Breed Improvement Programme using sex sorted semen: This program aims to produce female calves with up to 90% accuracy, thereby enhancing breed improvement and farmers' income. Farmers receive support for assured pregnancy upto 50% of the cost of sex sorted semen. As of now, 341,998 farmers have been benefited from this program.

8. Accelerated Breed Improvement Programme using In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) technology: This technology is utilized for the rapid genetic upgradation of bovines and an incentive of Rs 5,000 per assured pregnancy is made available to farmers interested in taking up IVF technology.

National Livestock Mission: This mission aims to improve the availability of quality feed and fodder, provide risk coverage for livestock (including dairy animals) inter alia promote entrepreneurship development in the fodder sector. In order to increase area under fodder coverage Government is implementing the programme namely fodder production from waste land / range land / grass land / non arable land and fodder production from degraded forest land.

National Programme for Dairy Development: This scheme focuses on creating dairy infrastructure for the procurement, processing, and marketing of milk and milk products in the cooperative dairy sector inter alia training and awareness programs for dairy farmers, input services such as cattle-feed and mineral mixtures, and assistance for quality testing of milk and milk products, thereby improving the economic condition of dairy farmers enrolled in cooperatives.

Livestock Health and Disease Control (LH & DC) is implemented for providing assistance for control of animal diseases like Foot and Mouth Disease, Brucellosis and also to provide assistance to State Governments for Control of other infectious diseases of livestock including dairy animals. Mobile Veterinary Units are established under the scheme to deliver quality livestock health services at farmers doorstep. Under the vaccination programme: (i) more than 99.38 crore vaccinations have been done against FMD including 27.92 crore vaccination performed during current year; and (ii) about 4.36 crore calves vaccinated against Brucellosis under brucellosis control programme including 1.27 crore calves vaccinated during current year. Under the component of Establishment and Strengthening of Veterinary Hospitals and Dispensaries (ESVHD- MVU), 100% financial assistance is provided towards procurement & customization of Mobile Veterinary Units (MVUs) with recurring operational expenditure in the ratio of 90:10 for North Eastern & Himalayan States; 60% for other States, and 100% for UTs for delivery of veterinary healthcare services through Mobile Veterinary Units (MVUs) through a Toll-Free Number (1962) at farmers’ doorsteps which include disease diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, minor surgical interventions, audio-visual aids and extension services. So far 4016 MVUs are operational in 28 states and 58.38 lakh farmers benefitted.

Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Facility: The Government has extended the KCC facility to Animal Husbandry and Fisheries farmers for their working capital requirements. This facility is available to individual or joint borrowers, Joint Liability Groups, or Self-Help Groups, including tenant farmers with owned, rented, or leased sheds.

(b)        Formulation of breeding policy and breeding plan for crossbreeding of cattle with exotic breeds to enhance genetic potential is the State subject. In order to complement and supplement the efforts made by the States for enhancing genetic potential through cross breeding following measures are undertaken by the Department: (i) Implementation of progeny testing programme for production of High Genetic Merit bulls of indigenous breeds including Holstein Friesian and Jersey crossbred bulls to increase genetic potential of crossbred population in the country; (ii)  Implementation of genomic selection for genomic testing of indigenous bulls including crossbred bulls; (iii) States are allowed to use semen of crossbred bulls in addition to bulls of indigenous breeds under Nationwide Artificial Insemination programme as per the State breeding policy.            

Total spending on the development of the livestock sector for the last five years State- wise/ UT-wise  is at Annexure- I to IV