Education being a subject of the Concurrent List of the Constitution, both the Centre and States/ UTs are responsible for the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and Schools in the country. 

The Central Higher Education Institutions (CHEIs) under the Ministry of Education including Central Universities, are statutory autonomous organizations established under respective Central Acts of Parliament and governed by provisions of the  Acts/Statutes/Ordinances/Regulations made thereunder. As autonomous institutions, faculty recruitment is done within the institutions itself, in accordance with their Acts and Regulations. The recruitment powers vests with the respective Board of Governors/Executive  Committee/Board of Management.

State Universities are established through respective State Acts and vacancies therein are filled by concerned State Governments/ Universities themselves. Vacancy details of State Universities are not maintained centrally. 

An Institution is declared as Deemed to be University by the Central Government, on the advice of University Grants Commission (UGC), under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956. The  Institutions Deemed to be Universities are regulated by the UGC as per the UGC (Institutions  deemed to be Universities) Regulations, 2023. As per these Regulations, the Executive Council of the Institution appoints faculty staff and such other posts on the recommendation of the Selection Committee, in accordance with the University Grants Commission (Minimum  Qualifications for Appointment of Teachers and other Academic Staff in Universities and Colleges and other Measures for the Maintenance of Standards in Higher Education)  Regulations, 2018.

Occurring of vacancies and filling thereof is a continuous process. The vacancies arise due to  promotion, retirement, resignation, death, opening of new institutions, schemes or projects, and additional requirements on account of enhanced students’ strength and expansion of capacity  in existing institutions. 

In centrally financed Higher Education Institutions, measures have been taken to attract quality faculties which includes year-round open advertisements, recruitment through search-cum selection procedures, special recruitment drive, mission mode recruitment and invitation to  alumni/scientists/faculty, etc. The faculty recruitment processes are carried out by the CHEIs by inviting applications in a transparent manner, as part of a multi-step and robust screening process. The Acts and Statutes of various institutions specify the composition of selection  committees, authorities responsible for recruitment of various levels of faculty, provision of  independent subject experts and visitor’s nominees etc. so as to ensure transparency and academic rigour in recruitments. UGC has launched a common portal ‘CU-CHAYAN’ for  faculty recruitment, making provision for listing of vacancies/ advertisements/ jobs across all Central Universities, thus making the entire recruitment process more transparent and accessible. 

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, lays emphasis on improving the overall quality of education in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) through a set of initiatives that include promotion of multidisciplinary education, nurturing critical thinking and analytical ability, promoting research and innovation, improving the quality of infrastructure, effective and qualitative teacher training etc. 

To improve the quality of education, several initiatives have been institutionalised in centrally funded institutions. The Government of India provides financial support to state governments under Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA)/ Pradhan Mantri Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (PM USHA) scheme, for improvement in Higher Education. The Government of India has also launched the Malaviya Mission Teacher Training Program (MMTTP) in 2023 across the country to improve teaching quality, strengthen institutional performance, and promote better academic outcomes in Higher Educational Institutions. The program is implemented through 151 Malaviya Mission Teacher Training Centres (MMTTCs). So far, more than 4 lakh faculty members have been trained across the country. 

In August, 2021, all CHEIs under the Ministry of Education were requested to undertake a special drive to fill backlog vacancies in their institutions in Mission Mode. The CHEIs undertook  special recruitment drives to fill the vacancies including Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled  Tribes (STs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs). In September 2022, the Ministry of Education had also exhorted all the CHEIs to fill up the vacancies in Mission Mode. In October 2025, all the CHEIs have again been requested to fill up all the backlog vacancies in Mission Mode.  From September 2022, all CHEIs including Central Universities (CUs) have undertaken Mission Mode recruitment drives to fill the vacancies. Up to 23.05.2026 (i.e. the date of the last  Rozgar Mela), a total number of 32,114 posts have been filled up by all CHEIs, including 18,757  faculty positions, in Mission Mode.  

This information was given by the Minister of State for Education, Dr Sukanta Majumdar in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha today.

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