The Government of India is taking proactive steps to improve employability of the youth of the nation through skill development. Under the Skill India Mission (SIM), the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of skill development centres under various schemes, viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Sikhshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country.

The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready and equipped with industry relevant skills. Adequate funds are made available under the schemes through budget for conducting training programs, which are demand based.

Funds under PMKVY are released to implementing agencies for meeting the training cost as per prescribed norms. Under JSS scheme, funds are released to Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) directly. Under NAPS, stipend support up to Rs 1500/- per month is released to apprentices through DBT and not to establishments covered. Day to day administration as well as financial control in respect of ITIs lies with the respective State Government/ UT Administration.

Details of the fund released for implementation of the schemes of MSDE are as under:

 

Scheme(s)	Amount (in Rs. Cr)
PMKVY (2015-16 up to 30.06.2025)	11,429.21
NAPS (2018-19 up to 31.03.2025)	1,823.08
JSS Scheme (2018-19 up to 31.03.2025)	873.94

To ensure that the skills imparted are aligned with the current industry requirements, improves employability of the youth, and enhance the equitable access to women candidates, the following specific steps have been taken by MSDE:

1. National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) has been set up as an overarching regulator establishing regulations and standards to ensure quality in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) space.
2. The Awarding Bodies recognised by NCVET are expected to develop the qualifications as per the industry demand and map them with the identified occupations as per the National Classification of Occupations, 2015 and obtain industry validations.
3. 36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors, have been set up which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards. NSDC, under the Market led program, provides support to training providers that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand.
4. Directorate General of Training (DGT) under the aegis of MSDE is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training (DST) which are meant to provide training to ITI students in industrial environment as per their requirements.
5. Under PMKVY, the new age/future skills job-roles have been specially aligned with Industry 4.0 requirements in areas like AI/ML, Robotics, Mechatronics, Drone Technology, etc. for upcoming market demand and industry requirements.
6. DGT has introduced new age /future skills courses in Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) under CTS to provide training in emerging areas such as 5G Network Technician, Artificial Intelligence Programming assistant, Cyber Security Assistant, Drone Technician etc.
7. DGT has signed MoU with IT Tech companies like IBM, CISCO, Future Skill Rights Network, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft to ensure industry linkages for the institutes at the state and regional levels under CSR initiatives. These partnerships facilitate the provision of technical and professional skills training in modern technologies.
8.  Indian Institute of Skills (IIS) established at Ahmedabad and Mumbai, in Public Private Partnership (PPP) Mode, provide training to create a pool of industry-ready workforce for Industry 4.0, equipped with cutting-edge technology and hands-on training.
9. MSDE has launched Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) a unified platform that integrates skilling, education, employment, and entrepreneurship ecosystems to provide a life-long array of services targeting a wide range of stakeholders. The details of the trained candidates are available on SIDH portal for connecting with potential employers. Through SiDH, candidates can have access to jobs and apprenticeship opportunities.
10. MSDE also organises Rozgar Melas and Pradhan Mantri National Apprenticeship Melas (PMNAMs) to facilitate the placements and apprenticeship opportunities to the certified candidates.
11. To encourage participation of women in skill development programs, special provisions have been made for meeting expenditure on conveyance and boarding & lodging as well as post placement support. PMKVY 4.0 prioritizes and provides special focus to projects that emphasize women as primary beneficiaries.

Women constitute more than 80% of beneficiaries under JSS scheme. Also, there are 19 National Skill Training Institutes (NSTI) and more than 300 ITIs exclusively for women.

Impact of schemes for skill development is assessed through their third-party independent evaluation. MSDE’s flagship scheme PMKVY was evaluated by NITI Aayog in October 2020. As per the study, about 94 percent of the employers surveyed reported they would hire more candidates trained under PMKVY. Further, 52 percent of the candidates who were placed in full time/part time employment and oriented under the RPL component received higher salary or felt that they will get higher salary compared to their un-certified peers.

As regards other schemes of MSDE, third party evaluation reports have mentioned about success in terms of placement or livelihood improvement of candidates trained under different schemes. The brief details of same are as given below:

JSS: Evaluation study of JSS scheme conducted in 2020 has found that the scheme has helped in almost doubling the household income for those beneficiaries have got employment or were self-employed after the JSS training. The report has further observed that usefulness of the scheme would be further evident from the fact that 77.05% of the beneficiary trainees have undergone occupational shifts. The study also affirmed that the focus of the skilling in the scheme favours self-employment.

NAPS: Third-party evaluation study of NAPS conducted in 2021 has observed that the scheme has successfully enhanced the employability of youth by providing structured on-the-job training, with a notable increase in the engagement of apprentices across various industries. In the new version of the scheme, DBT method has been adopted to transfer government's share directly to apprentices' bank accounts, as streamlined reimbursement process was recommended in the report.

ITIs: The final report of Tracer Study of ITI Graduates published in 2018 by MSDE mentions that 63.5% of total ITI pass-outs got employed (out of which 6.7% are self-employed).

This information was given by the Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE), Shri Jayant Chaudhary in a written reply in the Lok Sabha today.

*****

 

VV/SH

(Release ID: 2152199)