Water supply and sanitation are State subjects. To supplement the efforts of States, Govt. of India provides technical and financial assistance.

 

Since August 2019, Government of India in partnership with States is implementing Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) – Har Ghar Jal to make provision of potable water to every rural household across the country. The total estimated outlay of the Mission was Rs. 3.60 lakh Crore out of which Central share was Rs. 2.08 lakh Crore and almost the entire budgetary Central amount has been utilized. Year-wise details of financial progress made till 2024-25 under the Mission is as under:

 

(Amount in Rs. Crore)

*Total utilization restricted to approved central outlay of Rs. 2,08,652 Crore       Source: JJM-IMIS

 

At the time of announcement of Jal Jeevan Mission, 3.23 Crore (16.71%) rural households were reported to have tap water connections. So far, as reported by States/ UTs as on 08.12.2025, around 12.52 Crore additional rural households have been provided with tap water connections. Thus, as on date, out of 19.36 Crore rural households, in the country, more than 15.75 Crore (81.37%) households are reported to have tap water supply in their homes. State/ UT-wise details are at Annex-I.

 

To make rural areas of the country open defecation free (ODF) by providing access to toilets to all rural households, Government of India had launched Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) in 2014 and all States/UTs declared themselves as ODF in October, 2019.
SBM(G) Phase-II was launched in April, 2020 and is being implemented from 2020-21 to 2025-26 with focus to sustain the ODF status and to cover all the villages with Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM), i.e. to convert villages from ODF to ODF Plus Model by 2025-26. Year-wise details of Central funds allocated and utilized under Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) Phase-II is as under:

 

 

 

Amount in Rs. Crore

*Including unspent balance, in April 2020, of Rs. 15,343 Cr (Centre +State)

As reported, as on 08.12.2025, the total number of individual household latrines (IHHLs) and Community Sanitary Complexes (CSCs) constructed (2014 onwards) are 11.99 crores and 2.66 lakhs respectively. The details of the IHHLs and CSCs constructed State/UT wise are at Annex-II.

Apart from this, to ensure water supply and sanitation services in villages, the tied grants of 60% of Rs. 2,36,805 Crore recommended by 15^th FC to Rural Local Bodies (RLBs) / Panchayat Raj institutions (PRIs) for the period 2021-22 to 2025-26 have been earmarked for utilization towards creating and maintaining drinking water and sanitation infrastructure.

 

Moreover, provisions for taking up augmentation and strengthening of local & ancient drinking water sources in convergence with other schemes at village level viz. MGNREGS, 15th Finance Commission tied grants to Rural Local Bodies (RLBs), Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP), State schemes, District Mineral Development Fund, CSR funds, community contribution, etc. have also been envisaged under the JJM. 

 

Further, Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs, has informed that Government of India is implementing Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) & AMRUT 2.0 for augmentation of basic infrastructure in urban areas in the sectors of water supply, sewerage and septage management, etc.

 

AMRUT was launched in the year 2015 in selected 500 cities. Under AMRUT, 6,008 projects worth ₹83,463.05 crore have been grounded. These projects include 1,403 water supply projects worth ₹43,359.78 crore and 890 sewerage/septage management projects worth ₹34,459.46 crore.

 

Moreover, AMRUT 2.0 scheme was launched the year 2021 in all Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)/ cities, enabling the cities to become 'self-reliant' and 'water secure'. Providing universal coverage of sewerage and septage management in 500 AMRUT cities is one of the major focus areas of AMRUT 2.0. Under AMRUT 2.0, the proposal of the State/UTs for 3,516 water supply projects worth ₹1,18,226.61 crore, 588 Sewerage & Septage Management projects worth ₹67,840.59 crore have been approved by MoHUA.

 

Funds under AMRUT and AMRUT 2.0 are allocated/released/sanctioned to States/UTs and not sector wise. Details of fund releases under AMRUT and AMRUT 2.0 are as under:

(Amount in Rs. Crore)

 

As reported, State/UTs-wise details of tap water coverage in the urban areas are at Annex-III.

 

Similarly, Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) was launched on October 2, 2014 with the objective of Open Defecation Free (ODF) and for scientific processing of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in the urban areas of the country. Under SBM – U, the total financial outlay of the States and UTs for the entire Mission Period was ₹62,009 Crore, including committed Central Assistance of ₹14,623 Crore as the funds under SBM-U are allocated to States/ UTs for entire mission period and not on yearly basis.

 

To continue the support to cities, Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM-U) 2.0 has been launched on October 1, 2021 for a period of five years with a vision of achieving safe sanitation and scientific management of all fractions of waste including safe disposal in scientific landfills, legacy dumpsite remediation. Under SBM – U 2.0, the total financial outlay of the States and UTs for the entire Mission Period is ₹1,41,600 crore, including committed Central Assistance of ₹36,465 crore.

 

Under JJM, technological interventions such as solar energy based stand-alone water supply systems for scattered/ isolated/ tribal villages, Community Water Purification Plants (CWPP) based on Arsenic, Fluoride, Iron and other contaminant removal units in groundwater contaminated areas, cold deserts/ hard rock/ hilly/ coastal areas, etc. have been made for efficient and effective implementation of the Mission.
Further, a Technical Committee has been set up to examine and recommend various innovations and water and sanitation related new technologies, which can be used in ensuring improved water and sanitation service delivery. So far, the committee has considered 241 innovative technologies and 187 R&D proposals and has accepted and recommended 32 innovative technologies.

 

Under SBM(G), States/UTs have been given flexibility to adopt various technologies and service delivery models for various components under SBM(G) Phase-II including decentralized wastewater treatment systems, depending on local contextual needs and circumstances, land availability, geographical conditions etc. SBM(G) Phase-II  Guidelines are available in public domain at https://swachhbharatmission.ddws.gov.in/sites/default/files/Guidelines/SBMG%20Phase-II%20Operational%20Guidelines.pdf

As per data recorded by States/UTs on SBM(G) IMIS portal as on 08.12.2025, more than 5.40 lakh villages are covered with liquid waste management arrangements under SBM(G) Phase-II. State/UT-wise details are at Annex-IV.

 

Under the AMRUT, States/ Union Territories (UTs) are empowered to select appraise, propose and implement projects. “Jal Hi AMRIT", a sub-scheme under AMRUT 2.0, aims to incentivize States/UTs to efficiently manage sewage treatment plants for recyclable treated water meeting environmental standards. The focus of sub scheme is to build capacity & incentivizing qualitative improvements in the treated discharge effluent. So far, 860 Sewage Treatment Plants have been enrolled (submitted information) via online platform for assessment.

 

Under the component of Toilet Construction of SBM-U 2.0, the funds to the tune of Rs.132.78 Cr for the year 2022-23, Rs.104.85 Cr for 2023-24 and Rs.52.65 Cr for 2024-25 have been released. The State/UT-wise details of constructed Individual Household Latrine (IHHL) and community & public toilet seats under SBM - U are at Annex-V.

 

Numerous projects inter alia including projects related to JJM are implemented concurrently at various levels across the States for achieving the envisaged objectives. Water being a State subject, project-wise details of individual projects/ schemes for rural water supply projects are not maintained at the Government of India level.

 

Further, Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain (JSA: CTR) campaign aiming to encourage water conservation at grass-root levels with people's participation was launched in 2019 in 256 water stressed districts of the country. In 2025, JSA is being implemented with the theme “People's Action for Water Conservation - Towards Intensified Community Connect” emphasizing the pivotal role played by community especially women in the field of water conservation. Moreover, aiming to ensure conservation of every drop of water through collective efforts, following a whole-of-society and whole-of-government approach, "Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari" (JSJB) initiative has also been taken up as part of the JSA: CTR campaign.

 

The information was provided by THE MINISTER OF JAL SHAKTI SHRI C R PATIL in a written reply to a question in Lok Sabha today.

 

***

 

AMK/ND

(Lok Sabha SQ 166)

Annex-I

State/ UT-wise details of progress made under JJM

(as on 08.12.2025)

(Number in lakhs)

Delhi & Chandigarh have no rural population.              HHs: Households          Source: JJM – IMIS

Annex-II

State/UT wise No. of IHHLs and CSCs constructed under SBM(G) upto 08.12.2025

Source: SBM(G) - IMIS

 

Annex-III

State/UTs wise Tap Coverage in urban areas

S. No.	State / UT	Total No. of urban Households	No. of urban Households with Household tap Connection	Urban House-holds Coverage (in %)
	A&N Islands	48,154	48,154	100.00
	Andhra Pradesh	4380,256	32,81,008	74.90
	Arunachal Pradesh	1,35,050	50,967	37.74
	Assam	10,22,270	1,74,960	17.11
	Bihar	28,11,338	23,94,741	85.18
	Chandigarh	3,13,580	3,03,083	96.65
	Chhattisgarh	16,41,191	10,95,889	66.77
	DNH & DD	44373	44,373	100.00
	Delhi	40,09,814	36,21,384	90.31
	Goa	1,20,844	1,20,844	100.00
	Gujarat	75,93,306	70,76,618	93.20
	Haryana	30,99,882	24,70,268	79.69
	Himachal Pradesh	2,48,537	2,02,566	81.50
	J&K	9,80,232	7,53,187	76.84
	Jharkhand	17,69,039	6,64,692	37.57
	Karnataka	70,80,680	53,73,766	75.89
	Kerala	23,18,753	16,29,847	70.29
	Ladakh	12,850	1,472	11.46
	Lakshadweep	0	0	0
	Madhya Pradesh	39,00,000	33,22,776	85.20
	Maharashtra	1,64,12,457	1,45,15,167	88.44
	Manipur	1,83,116	73,143	39.94
	Meghalaya	1,72,129	1,01,789	59.14
	Mizoram	1,71,884	1,13,825	66.22
	Nagaland	1,80,354	32,031	17.76
	Odisha	13,24,738	13,24,738	100.00
	Puducherry	2,53,291	2,53,291	100.00
	Punjab	26,76,537	24,60,673	91.93
	Rajasthan	39,93,009	32,21,084	80.67
	Sikkim	44,127	17,339	39.29
	Tamil Nadu	86,59,292	56,46,589	65.21
	Telangana	40,22,960	38,10,003	94.71
	Tripura	1,81,177	1,40,454	77.52
	Uttar Pradesh	1,31,70,455	61,02,652	46.34
	Uttarakhand	10,36,818	9,22,902	89.01
	West Bengal	62,55,544	62,55,544	100.00
	Total	10,02,71,358	7,78,09,616	77.60

 

 

 

 

Annex-IV

No. of villages covered with Liquid Waste Management (LWM) arrangement upto 08.12.2025

Source: SBM(G) – IMIS

 

 

 

Annex-V

State/UT-wise details of constructed Individual Household Latrine (IHHL) and community & public toilet seats under SBM-U

 

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