Pollution load
on rivers has increased over the years due to rapid urbanisation
and industrialization. Abstraction of water for irrigation, drinking,
industrial use, power etc. compounds the challenge. Discharge of untreated wastewater
from towns along the rivers constitutes the major source of pollution load in
rivers. According to a recent report of
the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), against an estimated sewage
generation of about 38254 million litres per day (mld) from the Class I cities &
Class II towns of the country, the available treatment capacity is for 11787 mld.
Conservation of rivers is a
collective effort of Central and State Governments and the Central Government
is supplementing the efforts of the State Governments in river conservation
through the Central Plans. Creation of
infrastructure for sewage management and disposal is also being undertaken
through other Central schemes, such as Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal
Mission and Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns,
as well as under state schemes.
The National
River Conservation Plan (NRCP) presently covers 39 rivers
in 185 towns in 20 states. Pollution abatement works taken up under the
Plan include interception and diversion of raw sewage, setting up of Sewage
Treatment Plants etc. A Sewage treatment
capacity of 4417 million litres per day (mld) has been created so far under
the Plan. Details of funds released state-wise under NRCP till March, 2011 are
given at Annexure.
With the pollution abatement works
completed so far, despite significant increase in urbanization,
industrialization and growth in population in cities along the banks of river,
the water quality in terms of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values for major
rivers is reported to have improved as compared to the water quality before
taking up pollution abatement works under NRCP, based on independent monitoring
undertaken by reputed institutions.
The Central Government has
constituted the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) in February, 2009
as an empowered authority for conservation of the river Ganga by adopting a
holistic approach. A project with World
Bank assistance for abatement of pollution of river Ganga at an estimated cost
of Rs.7000 crore has been approved in April,
2011.
Details of funds
released state-wise under the National River Conservation Plan
(till March, 2011)
(Rs. in crore)
S.No.
|
State
|
Funds Released
|
1
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
259.80
|
2
|
Bihar
|
92.07
|
3
|
Jharkhand
|
4.45
|
4
|
Gujarat
|
90.05
|
5
|
Goa
|
9.26
|
6
|
Karnataka
|
47.83
|
7
|
Maharastra
|
123.72
|
8
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
79.00
|
9
|
Orissa
|
56.41
|
10
|
Punjab
|
228.80
|
11
|
Rajasthan
|
21.12
|
12
|
Tamilnadu
|
623.65
|
13
|
Delhi
|
417.07
|
14
|
Haryana
|
231.61
|
15
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
1107.82
|
16
|
Uttrakhand
|
81.20
|
17
|
West Bengal
|
656.22
|
18
|
Kerala
|
2.78
|
19
|
Sikkim
|
59.46
|
20
|
Nagaland
|
4.50
|
Total
|
4196.82
|
This information was given by the Minister of State for Environment
and Forests (independent charge) Shrimati Jayanthi Natarajan in a written
reply to a question by Shri Ramashanker Rajbhar in Lok Sabha today.
KP