Under the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 5, the target is to reduce Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) by three quarters between 1990 & 2015.

Based on the UN Inter–Agency Expert Group’s MMR estimates in the publication “Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2015", the target for MMR is estimated to be 139 per 1,00,000 live births by the year 2015  taking a baseline of 556 per 100,000 live births in 1990.

As per the latest report of the Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System (RGI-SRS), Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of India has shown a decline from 212 per 100,000 live births in the period 2007-09 to 167 per 100,000 live births in the period 2011-13.  India’s rate of decline of MMR between 2007-09 and 2011-13 is 5.7%.

If the MMR declines at the same pace, India will achieve an MMR of 139 per 100,000 live births.

             Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System (RGI-SRS), do not provide disaggregated data based  on  rural and urban, SC,ST,OBCs and others; category wise.          

              The latest  report  of MMR State-wise as per  RGI-SRS(2011-13) is given below:

 

 

Maternal Mortality Ratio: India and State wise

(Source: RGI (SRS) 2011-13)

 

 

            *: Includes Others

 

The total percentage of birth attended by skilled health workers, category-wise, Rural and Urban, SC, ST, OBCs and others for each State as per Rapid Survey of Children(RSOC 2013-14) is given below:

Percentage of birth attended by skilled health workers, category-wise, Rural and Urban, SC, ST, OBCs and others for each state
	Residence			Social category
	Total	Rural	Urban	SC	ST	OBC	Others
India	81.1	77.2	90.2	78.8	72.7	81.6	86.1
J&K	74.9	70.3	88	69.4	57.1	67.3	80.7
HP	71.6	70.4	84.6	64.6	71.2	72.4	77.1
Punjab	85.4	84.1	87.7	83.9	83.7	81.9	88.4
Uttarakhand	69.8	64	82.8	69.1	75	68.3	71.5
Haryana	78.6	77.4	81.2	74.7	69.4	77.4	84.2
NCT of Delhi	85.5	76.5	85.7	76.8	76.5	84	91.6
Rajasthan	85.8	83.6	92.4	81.3	84.9	86.9	88.6
UP	65.1	63.3	71.6	62.2	60	63.1	74.9
Bihar	68.4	67.1	79	61.6	58.6	70.1	75
Sikkim	87.8	86.2	93.9	87.9	90.4	84	92.4
Arunachal Pradesh	65.4	58.2	87.4	58.5	64.3	65.4	77.1
Nagaland	20.5	13.7	40.2	25.3	21	12.4	*
Manipur	73.5	64	93.7	*	44.6	84.1	93.8
Mizoram	96	93.6	98	*	96.8	*	*
Tripura	80.4	75.2	96.3	93.5	64.1	96.6	80.3
Meghalaya	68.6	63	92	97.4	67.5	*	67.6
Assam	74.9	72.6	90.1	87.6	85.5	90.1	63.9
West Bengal	78.9	74	89.2	88.3	77.4	77.6	77.7
Jharkhand	61	54.8	84.1	55.7	50.8	66.5	70.4
Odisha	83.7	81	97.9	88.3	63.7	90.1	96.3
Chhattisgarh	64.2	60.1	79.3	57.7	57.8	67.7	90.5
Madhya Pradesh	79	75.6	89.2	77.1	64.1	86	90.6
Gujarat	89.6	89	90.6	89.2	89.6	88	91.5
Maharashtra	93	90.2	96.2	92.2	83.2	93.4	95.3
Andhra Pradesh	93.3	91.8	96.7	92.7	80.7	94.5	96.8
Karnataka	92.6	90.7	95.7	84.2	93	92	97.2
Goa	99.6	100	99.4	100	100	99.5	99.6
Kerala	99.5	99.1	100	100	89.8	100	100
Tamil Nadu	99.5	99.3	99.8	99.7	100	99.4	99.5
‘*’ Percentage not shown; based on fewer than 25 unweighted samples.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source -Rapid Survey on Children 2013-2014

Under National Health Mission, the key steps taken by Government of India to address the issue of maternal deaths and to accelerate the pace of reduction of MMR across all states including SC/ST  are as below:

·         Promotion of institutional deliveries through Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY).

 

·         Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense delivery, including caesarean section. Similar entitlements have been put in place for all sick infants accessing public health institutions for treatment.

 

·         Operationalization of Sub-Centers, Primary Health Centers, Community Health Centers and District Hospitals for providing 24x7 basic and comprehensive obstetric care.

·         Capacity building of health care providers in basic and comprehensive obstetric care  with a strategic initiative “Dakshata” to enable service providers in providing high quality services during childbirth at the institutions

 

·         Mother and Child Protection Card in collaboration with the Ministry of Women and Child Development to monitor service delivery for mothers and children.

 

·         Mother and Child Tracking System is being implemented to ensure antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care along-with immunization services.

 

·         Engagement of more than 9.15 lakh Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) to generate demand and facilitate accessing of health care services by the community.

 

·         Village Health and Nutrition Days in rural areas as an outreach activity, for provision of maternal and child health services.

 

 

·         Identifying the severely anaemic cases of pregnant women at sub centres and PHCs for their timely management.

 

·         Operationalization of Safe Abortion Services and Reproductive Tract Infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections (RTI/STI) at health facilities with a focus on “Delivery Points”.

 

·         Maternal Death Review (MDR) is being implemented across the country both at facilities and in the community. The purpose is to take corrective action at appropriate levels and improve the quality of obstetric care.

 

 

·         Establishing Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Wings at high caseload facilities to improve the quality of care provided to mothers and children.

 

·         Under National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI), through life cycle approach, age and dose specific IFA supplementation programme is being implemented.

 

·         To tackle the problem of anaemia due to malaria particularly in pregnant women and children, Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) and Insecticide Treated Bed Nets (ITBNs) are being distributed in endemic areas.

 

·         Setting up of Skill Labs with earmarked skill stations for different training programs to enhance the quality of training in the states.

 

·         A new initiative of “Prevention of Post-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH) through Community based advance distribution of Misoprostol” by ASHAs/ANMs for high home delivery districts.

·         Newer interventions to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity- Diagnosis & management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism during pregnancy, Training of General Surgeons for performing  Caesarean Section, Calcium supplementation during pregnancy and lactation, De-worming during pregnancy, Maternal Near Miss Review, Screening for Syphilis during pregnancy  and  Dakshata guidelines for strengthening intra-partum care.

The Minister of State (Health), Shri Shripad Yesso Naik stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha here today.

 

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MV/LK