Kolkata, April 6, 2026

 

In a major boost to India’s marine biodiversity records, the researchers from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) have identified two new species of free-living marine nematodes off the coast of Tamil Nadu. The discovery, published on March 25, 2026, in the prestigious international taxonomy journal Zootaxa, highlights the rich, often invisible life forms that sustain our coastal ecosystems.

The study, authored by researchers Smt Ritika Datta and Smt Anjum Rizvi, introduces the scientific community to Corononema dhriti and Epacanthion indica—microscopic worms that play a gargantuan role in ocean health.

The Discoveries: Microscopic Giants of the Ecosystem

The two species represent different ecological niches within the marine sediment:

Corononema dhriti (Datta & Rizvi, 2026): This represents an exceptionally rare find, marking only the fourth known species of this genus globally. Previously documented only in Australia, Thailand, and Vietnam, its discovery in Indian waters is a significant milestone for marine biogeography.

Naming Honor: The species is named in honour of Dr. Dhriti Banerjee, Director, ZSI, acknowledging her career-long commitment to taxonomy and her leadership in documenting India’s faunal diversity.

Epacanthion indica: Named after the nation of its discovery, this species stands out due to its complex anatomy. Unlike many nematodes that feed on microbes, E. indica possesses specialised mandibles and "teeth," positioning it as a microscopic predator within the benthic food web.

Why these Tiny Organisms Matter

Though invisible to the naked eye, marine nematodes are the "unsung heroes" of the seabed. They perform critical ecological functions, including:

Nutrient Cycling: Breaking down organic waste and recycling essential nutrients back into the ocean.

Sediment Health: Maintaining the stability and productivity of coastal sediments.

Bio-indicators: Serving as vital markers for environmental health and climate change impact.

Commenting on the breakthrough, Dr. Dhriti Banerjee, Director, ZSI, stated, "This discovery underscores how much of our underwater world remains a mystery. These tiny organisms are the backbone of marine food chains. Understanding this 'hidden' biodiversity is essential for creating effective conservation strategies and ensuring the long-term sustainability of our coastal productivity in the face of global environmental shifts."

 

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