As per Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, subjects of Police and Public Order are with the State Governments. However, the Government of India (GoI) has been supplementing the efforts of States affected by Left Wing Extremism (LWE). To address the LWE problem holistically, a “National Policy and Action Plan to address LWE” was approved in 2015. It envisages a multi-pronged strategy involving security related measures, development interventions, ensuring rights and entitlements of local communities etc.

 

1. 1. On security front, the GoI assists the LWE affected State Government by providing Central Armed Police Forces and raising of India Reserve Battalions, helicopter support, strengthening of security camp infrastructure, training, funds for modernization of State police forces, equipment & arms, sharing of intelligence, construction of Fortified Police Stations etc.
      • For capacity building of states since 2014-15, Rs. 3681.73 crore have been released to LWE affected states on operational expenditure and training needs of Security Forces, rehabilitation of surrendered LWE cadre, ex-gratia to families of martyred security force personnel/civilians killed in LWE violence etc. under Security Related Expenditure (SRE) scheme.
      • GoI and State Governments have formulated comprehensive surrender- cum-rehabilitation policies. The GoI also supports the States in the endeavor through ‘Surrender-cum-Rehabilitation’ Policy as part of Security Related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme. The GoI reimburses the expenditure incurred by the LWE affected States on rehabilitation of surrenders under the SRE Scheme. The rehabilitation package inter- alia, includes an immediate grant of Rs. 5 lakhs for higher ranked LWE cadres and Rs 2.5 lakhs for other LWE cadres. In addition, incentives for surrender of weapons/ammunition are also provided under the Scheme. In addition, provision also exists for imparting training in trade/vocation of their liking with monthly stipend of Rs. 10,000/- for three years. The affected States have further revised their Surrender cum Rehabilitation policies to make them lucrative and contemporary.

 

• • • The efforts of the States for equipping and modernizing their police forces have been supplemented under the scheme of “Modernization of Police Forces”. Under the scheme, central assistance is provided to the State Governments for weapons, equipment for information technology, communication, training, construction of Police Stations, mobility and construction of police housing and other police infrastructure etc. Under its sub scheme i.e. Special Infrastructure Scheme (SIS), works of Rs. 1761 crore have been  sanctioned to LWE affected states for strengthening of State’s Special Forces, State Intelligence Branches (SIBs), District Police and construction of Fortified Police Stations (FPS). The GoI’s focus on security infrastructure has been pivotal. So far 656 fortified police stations have been built.
    • Under Assistance to Central Agencies for LWE Management (ACALWEMS) Scheme, assistance is provided for basic structure of camps and for provisioning of helicopters for counter LWE operations. Rs1224.59 Crores has been provided to Central Agencies through this scheme since 2014-15.
    • There has been a special focus on the financial choking of LWEs and unearthing of the nexus between CPI (Maoists) and its financial supporters. For effective action towards choking of funds and other resources to LWE, coordinated actions are being taken by State Police in cooperation with Central agencies by various means. Steps being taken by the Government to prevent the financing of LWE:-
      • A dedicated structure of “Combating Financing of Terrorism (CFT) Cell” has been established in the Ministry of Home Affairs since 2011 to coordinate with various intelligence and enforcement agencies to prevent financing of terrorism.
      • A Terror Funding and Fake Currency Cell (TFFC) has also been established in the National Investigation Agency (NIA) to investigate and prosecute terrorist funding and Fake Indian Currency Notes (FICN) cases.
      • A FICN Co-ordination Centre (FCORD) is also functioning to share the intelligence/information amongst the different security agencies of Centre and States to counter the circulation of FICN within the country.

 

• • • • Various sanctions have been imposed against terrorist organizations and its members through United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCRs) 1367, 1373 and Section 51 (A) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 which includes freezing, seizing and attaching funds/properties, thus restricting flowing of funds of terrorist entities and travel restrictions on the members of a terrorist organization and designated individual terrorists.
      • Two Multi-Disciplinary Groups were formed in Ministry of Home Affairs in 2016 to monitor the flow of funds to LWE cadres; one at Centre Level and another at State level.

 

• • • • For effective choking of funds and other resources to LWE, coordinated actions are being undertaken by State Police in conjunction with Central agencies. These actions include plugging the systemic loopholes, ensuring coordination among various agencies, including sharing of information and actions to block the funding channel and initiate legal action, monitoring progress of cases under investigation/prosecution, identifying various modus operandi being employed by the financial conduits with a view to evolve counter measures etc.
      • The NIA has been substantially strengthened and the State Investigation Agencies (SIA) have also been established in LWE affected States. Four NIA Special Courts have been operationalised in Chhattisgarh and efforts are also underway to establish exclusive courts in other states. LWE related UAPA cases are being monitored through IMoT portal to facilitate the agencies in investigation, prosecution and monitoring.

 

1. 2. On development front, apart from the flagship schemes of Government of India (GoI), several LWE affected areas specific initiatives have been taken with special thrust on expansion of road network, improving telecommunication connectivity, education, skill development and financial inclusion. A few of these are enumerated below:
      • For expansion of road network, 15,016 km have been constructed under 02 LWE specific schemes namely Road Requirement Plan (RRP) and Road Connectivity Project for LWE Affected Areas (RCPLWEA).

 

• • • For improving telecom connectivity in LWE affected areas 9,233 towers have been commissioned.
    • For Skill Development, 46 Industrial Training Institute (ITI) and 49 Skill Development Centres (SDC) have been opened.

 

• • • For quality education in tribal areas 179 Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) have been made functional.
    • For financial inclusion, Department of Posts has opened 6,025 Post Offices with banking services in LWE affected districts. 1804 Bank Branches and 1321 ATMs have been opened in Most LWE affected districts.

 

• • • For further impetus to development, funds are provided for filling critical gaps in public infrastructure in Most LWE affected Districts under Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme. Till now, Rs. 3,953.67 crore have been released since the inception of Scheme in 2017.
  • The resolute implementation of the ‘National Policy and Action Plan 2015’ has resulted in consistent decline in violence and constriction of geographical spread. LWE which has been a serious challenge to the internal security of the nation has been significantly curbed in the recent times and has been constricted to only a few pockets. The number of LWE-affected districts reduced from 126 in 2018 to only 08 in December-2025 with only 3 districts now remaining Most LWE Affected.

The LWE perpetrated violence incidents have come down from high of 1936 in year 2010 by 88% to 234 in 2025. Resultant deaths of Civilians & Security Forces have also come down from high of 1005 in year 2010 by 90% to 100 in year 2025.

 

In 2025, security forces have neutralized 364 Naxals, arrested 1022 and facilitated 2337 surrenders. The number of Police Stations reporting LWE related violence has significantly reduced from 465 Police Stations in 2010 to 119 Police Stations in the year 2025.

1. 4. GoI is committed for complete eradication of LWE from our country as well as holistic development of areas getting freed from Left Wing Extremism.

This was stated by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs Shri Nityanand Rai in a written reply to a question in the Rajya Sabha.

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