NITI Aayog, in its report titled “Composite Water Management Index” published in June 2018, had mentioned that 21 major cities were expected to run out of groundwater by 2020. This was based on the estimates of annual groundwater replenishment and its extraction without taking into account the groundwater availability in the deeper aquifers. Names of such cities as mentioned in the report are given at Annexure I.

The Dynamic Ground Water Resources of the country are being periodically assessed jointly by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and State Governments. As per the 2020 assessment, the State-wise details of ground water resources are given in Annexure II

Though Water is a State subject, Central Government has taken a number of important measures for conservation, management of ground water including effective implementation of rain water harvesting in the country, which can be seen at URL:http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/Steps_to_control_water_depletion_Feb2021.pdf. Some of the important initiatives in this regard are also given at Annexure III. 

Government of India launched Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA) in 2019 which continued during 2021 also to improve water availability including ground water conditions in the country. Further, the campaign “Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain” (JSA:CTR) was launched by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on 22 March 2021.

Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has formulated Model Building Bye Laws (MBBL), 2016 for the States to adopt measures suitable to local conditions, wherein adequate focus has been given on requirement of rainwater harvesting and water conservation measures etc. As per MBBL, all buildings having a plot size of 100 sq.m. or, more shall mandatorily include the complete proposal of rainwater harvesting. 33 States/ UTs have adopted the features of these Bye Laws.

In addition, a number of States have done notable work in the field of water conservation/harvesting such as ‘Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan’ in Rajasthan, ‘Jalyukt Shibar’ in Maharashtra, ‘Sujalam Sufalam Abhiyan’ in Gujarat, ‘Mission Kakatiya’ in Telangana, Neeru Chettu’ in Andhra Pradesh, Jal Jeevan Hariyali in Bihar, ‘Jal Hi Jeevan’ in Haryana, and Kudimaramath scheme in Tamil Nadu etc.

This Information was given by the Minister of State for Jal Shakti,  Shri Bishweswar Tudu in a written reply in Rajya Sabha today.

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BY/AS

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ANNEXURE-i

Cities likely to face water scarcity as per NITI Aayog report

 

S.No	State	City
1.	Delhi	Delhi
2.	Gujrat	Gandhinagar
3.	Haryana	Gurgaon, Yamunanagar
4.	Karnataka	Bangalore
5.	Madhya Pradesh	Indore, Ratlam
6.	Punjab	Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Mohali, Patiala
7.	Rajasthan	Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur
8.	Tamilnadu	Chennai, Vellore
9.	Andhra Pradesh	Hyderabad
10.	Uttar Pradesh	Agra, Ghaziabad

 

 

 

ANNEXURE II

 

STATE-WISE GROUND WATER RESOURCES OF INDIA, 2020 (in bcm)

S. No.	States / Union Territories	Total Annual Ground Water Recharge	Annual Extractable Ground Water Resource	Current Annual Ground Water Extraction			Stage of Ground Water Extraction (%)
				Irrigation	Industrial & Domestic	Total
1	Andhra Pradesh	24.15	22.94	6.60	1.03	7.63	33.26
2	Arunachal Pradesh	3.19	2.92	0.003	0.01	0.01	0.36
3	Assam	27.05	21.97	1.97	0.60	2.58	11.73
4	Bihar	28.05	25.46	10.33	2.69	13.02	51.14
5	Chhattisgarh	12.65	11.55	4.53	0.82	5.35	46.34
6	Delhi	0.32	0.29	0.07	0.22	0.29	101.40
7	Goa	0.40	0.32	0.02	0.05	0.08	23.48
8	Gujarat	26.81	24.91	12.65	0.64	13.30	53.39
9	Haryana	9.53	8.63	10.47	1.15	11.61	134.56
10	Himachal Pradesh	1.07	0.97	0.20	0.16	0.36	36.83
11	Jharkhand	6.15	5.64	0.93	0.72	1.64	29.13
12	Karnataka	18.16	16.40	9.60	1.03	10.63	64.85
13	Kerala	5.65	5.12	1.16	1.48	2.65	51.68
14	Madhya Pradesh	36.16	33.38	17.33	1.64	18.97	56.82
15	Maharashtra	32.01	30.25	15.29	1.34	16.63	54.99
16	Manipur	0.51	0.46	0.003	0.02	0.02	5.12
17	Meghalaya	2.04	1.82	0.03	0.05	0.08	4.22
18	Mizoram	0.22	0.20	0.00	0.01	0.01	3.81
19	Nagaland	2.17	1.95	0.002	0.02	0.02	1.04
20	Odisha	17.08	15.71	5.50	1.36	6.86	43.65
21	Punjab	22.80	20.59	32.80	1.05	33.85	164.42
22	Rajasthan	12.24	11.07	14.37	2.27	16.63	150.22
23	Sikkim	0.96	0.86	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.86
24	Tamil Nadu	19.59	17.69	13.52	1.15	14.67	82.93
25	Telangana	16.63	15.03	7.13	0.88	8.01	53.32
26	Tripura	1.47	1.24	0.02	0.08	0.10	7.94
27	Uttar Pradesh	72.20	66.88	41.29	4.74	46.03	68.83
28	Uttarakhand	2.02	1.85	0.63	0.24	0.87	46.80
29	West Bengal*	29.33	26.56	10.84	1.00	11.84	44.60
30	Andaman and Nicobar	0.32	0.28	0.0001	0.01	0.01	2.60
31	Chandigarh	0.06	0.06	0.01	0.04	0.05	80.60
32	Dadra & Nagar Haveli	0.07	0.07	0.01	0.02	0.03	45.99
	Daman & Diu	0.03	0.03	0.003	0.03	0.03	113.38
33	Jammu and Kashmir	4.68	4.22	0.20	0.69	0.89	21.03
34	Ladakh	0.12	0.11	0.001	0.02	0.02	17.90
35	Lakshadweep	0.01	0.005	0.00	0.003	0.003	58.47
36	Puducherry	0.22	0.20	0.10	0.05	0.15	74.27
	Grand Total	436.15	397.62	217.61	27.30	244.92	61.60

 

NOTE-The Ground Water resources assessment as on 2013 has been considered for the state of West Bengal.

 

 

ANNEXURE-iII

Important initiatives on management of groundwater resources

 

Government of India launched Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA) in 2019, a time bound campaign with a mission mode approach intended to improve water availability including ground water conditions in the water stressed blocks of 256 districts in India. In this regard, teams of officers from Central Government along-with technical officers from Ministry of Jal Shakti were deputed to visit water stressed districts and to work in close collaboration with district level officials to undertake suitable interventions.

In addition, Ministry of Jal Shakti has taken up the “Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain” (JSA:CTR) with the theme “Catch the Rain - Where it Falls When it Falls” to cover all the blocks of all districts (rural as well as urban areas) across the country during 22nd March 2021 to 30th November 2021. The campaign was launched by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on 22 March 2021.

Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Water Resources, RD & GR (DoWR, RD & GR) is implementing Atal Bhujal Yojana (Atal Jal), a Rs.6,000 crore Central Sector Scheme, for sustainable management of ground water resources with community participation. Atal Jal is being implemented in 80 water stressed districts and 8,565 Gram Panchayats of seven States viz. Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), in consultation with States/UTs, has prepared ‘Master Plan for Artificial Recharge to Groundwater - 2020’. The Master Plan – 2020 is a macro level plan indicating various structures for the different terrain conditions of the country.  The Master Plan - 2020 envisages construction of about 1.42 crore rain water harvesting and artificial recharge structures in the country to harness 185 Billion Cubic Metre (BCM).

National Aquifer Mapping and Management program (NAQUIM) is being implemented by CGWB as part of Ground Water Management and Regulation (GWM&R) Scheme, a Central Sector scheme. NAQUIM envisages mapping of aquifers (water bearing formations), their characterization and development of Aquifer Management Plans to facilitate sustainable management of groundwater resources in the country. NAQUIM outputs are shared with States/UTs for suitable interventions.

Government of India generally supports artificial groundwater recharge/water harvesting works in the country through Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and Prime Minister Krishi Sinchayee Yojana - Watershed Development component (PMKSY-WDC), ‘Surface Minor Irrigation (SMI) and Repair, Renovation and Restoration (RRR) of Water Bodies schemes’ a component of PMKSY.

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